{"id":1711,"date":"2026-02-25T10:09:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T09:09:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/narcissus-confusus\/"},"modified":"2026-03-05T13:55:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T12:55:58","slug":"narcissus-confusus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/narcissus-confusus\/","title":{"rendered":"Narcissus confusus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Hero Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;90deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#f4f0e9 30%|rgba(244,240,233,0) 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_overlays_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#f4f0e9&#8243; background_color_gradient_start_position=&#8221;30%&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;rgba(244,240,233,0)&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/09\/Atlas_Virtual-UMH_horiz.jpg&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.4%|0px|2%|0px|false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Hero Area&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;11px|0px|0px|0px||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Hero Title&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Playfair Display||||||||&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Alice||||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;70px&#8221; header_letter_spacing=&#8221;-3px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.1em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||12px|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;5%&#8221; animation_starting_opacity=&#8221;100%&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;60px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Atlas Virtual<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Alice||||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;40px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; theme_builder_area=&#8221;post_content&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>de Plantas Medicinales-UMH<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; 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header_3_font=&#8221;Frank Ruhl Libre|700|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;19px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; max_width=&#8221;700px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;.ficha-planta {||  background-color: #fff;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||  padding: 20px;||  max-width: 1000px;||  margin: auto;||  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;||}||||.encabezado {||  background-color: #ffff||  padding: 15px;||  position: relative;||}||||.encabezado h2 { ||  margin: 0;||}||||.logo-umh {||  position: absolute;||  top: 15px;||  right: 15px;||  height: 60px;||}||||.contenido {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  margin-top: 20px;||  gap: 20px;||}||||.columna {||  flex: 1;||  min-width: 300px;||}||||.izquierda .galeria {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  gap: 8px;||  margin: 10px 0;||}||||.izquierda .galeria img {||  width: 100px;||  height: auto;||  object-fit: cover;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||}||||.nombres-comunes ul {||  padding-left: 15px;||  margin: 0;||}||||.ods img {||  height: 50px;||  margin-right: 10px;||  margin-top: 10px;||}||||.bloque {||  background-color: #fff;||  padding: 15px;||  margin-bottom: 15px;||  border-radius: 4px;||  border: 1px solid #999;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia {||  display: inline-block;||  margin-bottom: 10px;||  color: #1a4e89;||  font-weight: bold;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||.link-descripcion {||  color: #1a4e89;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.link-descripcion:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||\/* Responsive *\/||@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {||  .contenido {||    flex-direction: column;||  }||  .logo-umh {||    position: static;||    float: right;||    margin-top: -40px;||  }||}||&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#bc2a30&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"ficha-planta\">\n<div class=\"encabezado\">\n<h2><em>Narcissus confusus<\/em> Pugsley.<\/h2>\n<h3>Familia Amaryllidaceae<\/h3>\n<p><strong style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 14px;\">Sinonimia: <\/strong><br \/><em style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\">Narcissus hispanicus <\/em><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\">subsp. <em>confusus<\/em> (Pugsley) M.Salmon<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\"><em style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\">Narcissus pseudonarcissus <\/em>subsp. <em>confusus<\/em> \u00a0(Pugsley) A. Fern.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\"><em style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\">Narcissus pseudonarcissus <\/em>subsp<em style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 15px;\">. portensis<\/em> (Pugsley) A. Fern. in Bol<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:154715-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Enlace a POWO:<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:65976-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Narcissus confusus<\/em> Pugsley | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Enlace a WFO:<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldfloraonline.org\/taxon\/wfo-0000703860\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Narcissus confusus<\/em> Pugsley<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=&#8221;1690,1678,1660,1666,1642,1696,1684&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_gallery][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; link_font=&#8221;|600|||on||||&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#0b53bf&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Frank Ruhl Libre||||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; max_width=&#8221;700px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;.ficha-planta {||  background-color: #fff;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||  padding: 20px;||  max-width: 1000px;||  margin: auto;||  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;||}||||.encabezado {||  background-color: #ffff||  padding: 15px;||  position: relative;||}||||.encabezado h2 {||  font-style: italic;||  margin: 0;||}||||.logo-umh {||  position: absolute;||  top: 15px;||  right: 15px;||  height: 60px;||}||||.contenido {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  margin-top: 20px;||  gap: 20px;||}||||.columna {||  flex: 1;||  min-width: 300px;||}||||.izquierda .galeria {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  gap: 8px;||  margin: 10px 0;||}||||.izquierda .galeria img {||  width: 100px;||  height: auto;||  object-fit: cover;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||}||||.nombres-comunes ul {||  padding-left: 15px;||  margin: 0;||}||||.ods img {||  height: 50px;||  margin-right: 10px;||  margin-top: 10px;||}||||.bloque {||  background-color: #fff;||  padding: 15px;||  margin-bottom: 15px;||  border-radius: 4px;||  border: 1px solid #999;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia {||  display: inline-block;||  margin-bottom: 10px;||  color: #1a4e89;||  font-weight: bold;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||.link-descripcion {||  color: #1a4e89;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.link-descripcion:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||\/* Responsive *\/||@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {||  .contenido {||    flex-direction: column;||  }||  .logo-umh {||    position: static;||    float: right;||    margin-top: -40px;||  }||}||&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#bc2a30&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"ficha-planta\">\n<div class=\"encabezado\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"contenido\">\n<div class=\"columna izquierda\">\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<div class=\"galeria\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Nombre com\u00fan:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"nombres-comunes\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Castellano:<\/strong> Narciso, narciso trompetero, campanicas, campanilla del campo, campanitas, campanitas del diablo, junquillo, ojo de v\u00edbora<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ingl\u00e9s:<\/strong> Daffodil<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"columna derecha\">\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Descripci\u00f3n bot\u00e1nica:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00f3fito perenne, bulboso de hasta 40 (60) cm de alto. Hojas basales lineares, iguales o m\u00e1s cortas que el escapo, de secci\u00f3n c\u00f3ncavo-convexa.<br \/><strong>Inflorescencia:<\/strong><br \/>Escapo verde, aplanado y unifloro. Br\u00e1ctea floral membranosa. Flor solitaria de color amarillo, patente o ligeramente p\u00e9ndula, con ped\u00fanculo corto. T\u00e9palos lanceolados, agudos, con m\u00e1rgenes ligeramente ondulados, erecto-patentes. Corona cil\u00edndrico-tubulosa de borde festoneado.<br \/><strong>Bulbo<\/strong>: Globoso con t\u00fanica blanca o parda.<br \/><strong>Fruto<\/strong>: C\u00e1psula subesf\u00e9rica.<br \/><strong>Floraci\u00f3n<\/strong>: De febrero a abril. (WFO, 2025; IEPNB, 2026)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">H\u00e1bitat: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00f3fito bulboso que crece principalmente en el bioma templado. Bordes de arroyos, herbazales h\u00famedos, praderas, repisas de roquedo, abedulares, alisedas y claros de melojar; 500-1850 m. (Flora Ib\u00e9rica, 2013; POWO, 2026).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Distribuci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El \u00e1rea de distribuci\u00f3n natural de esta especie es el Sistema Central, desde la Sierra de B\u00e9jar hasta la de Ayll\u00f3n, extendi\u00e9ndose de forma puntual en algunas sierras \u00e1cidas extreme\u00f1as. (Moreno and Sainz, 1992).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Objetivos de Desrrollo Sostenible:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong>. Salud y Bienestar<\/p>\n<p><strong>9<\/strong>. Industria, Innovaci\u00f3n e Infraestructura<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.<\/strong> Producci\u00f3n y Consumo Responsables<\/p>\n<p><strong>15<\/strong>. Vida de ecosistemas terrerestres<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/06\/ods3.png\" width=\"54\" height=\"54\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-193 alignnone size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/06\/ods3.png 225w, https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/06\/ods3-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 54px) 100vw, 54px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2026\/02\/ODS9-300x300.jpg\" width=\"54\" height=\"54\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1594 alignnone size-medium\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/06\/ods12.jpg\" alt=\"ODS 12\" width=\"55\" height=\"55\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/files\/2025\/12\/ods-15-300x300.jpg\" width=\"55\" height=\"55\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-916 alignnone size-medium\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<div class=\"galeria\"><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Enlaces de inter\u00e9s:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong> SEFIT<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefit.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SEFIT \u2013 Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Fitoterapia<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong>\u00a0 Estaci\u00f3n Biol\u00f3gica de Torretes \u2013 Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico de la UA<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/torretes.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Torretes \u2013 Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico y Estaci\u00f3n Biol\u00f3gica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<div class=\"galeria\"><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Publicaciones:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong> Rodr\u00edguez-Escobar, M.L. Mart\u00ednez-Franc\u00e9s, V., R\u00edos, S., Feresin, G.E., de Souza Borges, W., Bastida, J., Torras-Claveria, L., Tallini, L.R. Alkaloid profile of fifteen different species of <em>Narcissus<\/em> L. (Amaryllidoideae) collected in Spain. Plants, 2025, 14, 2793.<br \/>PMCID: PMC12430661<br \/>PMID: 40941958<br \/>doi: 10.3390\/plants14172793<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong> Tallini LR, Manfredini G, Rodr\u00edguez-Escobar ML, R\u00edos S, Mart\u00ednez-Franc\u00e9s V, Feresin GE, Borges WS, Bastida J, Viladomat F, Torras-Claveria L. The Anti-Cholinesterase Potential of Fifteen Different Species of <em>Narcissus<\/em> L. (Amaryllidaceae) Collected in Spain. Life (Basel). 2024 Apr 22;14(4):536.<br \/>PMCID: PMC11050805<br \/>PMID: 38672806<br \/>doi: 10.3390\/life14040536<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.<\/strong> Berkov S, Osorio E, Viladomat F, Bastida J. Chemodiversity, chemotaxonomy and chemoecology of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Alkaloids Chem Biol. 2020;83:113-185.<br \/>PMID: 32098649<br \/>doi: 10.1016\/bs.alkal.2019.10.002. Epub 2020 Jan 23.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong> Berkov S, Mart\u00ednez-Franc\u00e9s V, Bastida J, Codina C, R\u00edos S. Evolution of alkaloid biosynthesis in the genus <em>Narcissus<\/em>. Phytochemistry. 2014 Mar;99:95-106.<br \/>PMID: 24461780<br \/>doi: 10.1016\/j.phytochem.2013.11.002. Epub 2014 Jan 23.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5.<\/strong> Ba\u00f1ares A, Blanca G, G\u00fcemes J, Moreno JC, Ortiz S (eds.) 2004. Atlas y Libro Rojo de la Flora Vascular Amenazada de Espa\u00f1a. T\u00e1xones prioritarios. Direcci\u00f3n General de Conservaci\u00f3n de la Naturaleza. Madrid, 1069 pp.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.miteco.gob.es\/es\/biodiversidad\/temas\/inventarios-nacionales\/inventario-especies-terrestres\/inventario-nacional-de-biodiversidad\/ieet_flora_vasc_taxones_capitulos.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Atlas y Libro Rojo de flora vascular amenazada. Taxones prioritarios (2004)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; link_font=&#8221;|600|||on||||&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#0b53bf&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Frank Ruhl Libre||||||||&#8221; header_2_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; header_3_text_align=&#8221;justify&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; max_width=&#8221;700px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;.ficha-planta {||  background-color: #fff;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||  padding: 20px;||  max-width: 1000px;||  margin: auto;||  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;||}||||.encabezado {||  background-color: #ffff||  padding: 15px;||  position: relative;||}||||.encabezado h2 {||  font-style: italic;||  margin: 0;||}||||.logo-umh {||  position: absolute;||  top: 15px;||  right: 15px;||  height: 60px;||}||||.contenido {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  margin-top: 20px;||  gap: 20px;||}||||.columna {||  flex: 1;||  min-width: 300px;||}||||.izquierda .galeria {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  gap: 8px;||  margin: 10px 0;||}||||.izquierda .galeria img {||  width: 100px;||  height: auto;||  object-fit: cover;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||}||||.nombres-comunes ul {||  padding-left: 15px;||  margin: 0;||}||||.ods img {||  height: 50px;||  margin-right: 10px;||  margin-top: 10px;||}||||.bloque {||  background-color: #fff;||  padding: 15px;||  margin-bottom: 15px;||  border-radius: 4px;||  border: 1px solid #999;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia {||  display: inline-block;||  margin-bottom: 10px;||  color: #1a4e89;||  font-weight: bold;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||.link-descripcion {||  color: #1a4e89;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.link-descripcion:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||\/* Responsive *\/||@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {||  .contenido {||    flex-direction: column;||  }||  .logo-umh {||    position: static;||    float: right;||    margin-top: -40px;||  }||}||&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#bc2a30&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"ficha-planta\">\n<div class=\"encabezado\">\n<div class=\"galeria\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Droga Vegetal:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p>Tras los avances en el estudio de los alcaloides de <em>Galanthus<\/em> <em>nivalis<\/em> en la d\u00e9cada de 1950 en la Uni\u00f3n Sovi\u00e9tica, alrededor del a\u00f1o 2000, la galantamina, ha sido aislada de varios miembros de la familia Amaryllidaceae como <em>Leucojum<\/em> sp., <em>Narcissus<\/em> sp. y otras especies del g\u00e9nero <em>Galanthus<\/em>. La galantamina es un alcaloide tetrac\u00edclico con un n\u00facleo de fenantridina fusionado a un anillo de azepina que contiene un nitr\u00f3geno terciario, y un grupo metoxilo en el anillo arom\u00e1tico. Esta estructura r\u00edgida le permite actuar como inhibidor de la acetilcolinesterasa y modulador alost\u00e9rico de receptores nicot\u00ednicos, aumentando los niveles de acetilcolina en el cerebro, por lo que se ha\u00a0 convertido en una importante opci\u00f3n terap\u00e9utica utilizada para ralentizar el proceso de degeneraci\u00f3n neurol\u00f3gica en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Este alcaloide se obtiene de los bulbos de los g\u00e9neros citados previamente (Heinrich, 2010).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=&#8221;1612,1618,1630,1624&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_gallery][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; link_font=&#8221;|600|||on||||&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#0b53bf&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Frank Ruhl Libre||||||||&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;justified&#8221; max_width=&#8221;700px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;.ficha-planta {||  background-color: #fff;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||  padding: 20px;||  max-width: 1000px;||  margin: auto;||  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;||}||||.encabezado {||  background-color: #ffff||  padding: 15px;||  position: relative;||}||||.encabezado h2 {||  font-style: italic;||  margin: 0;||}||||.logo-umh {||  position: absolute;||  top: 15px;||  right: 15px;||  height: 60px;||}||||.contenido {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  margin-top: 20px;||  gap: 20px;||}||||.columna {||  flex: 1;||  min-width: 300px;||}||||.izquierda .galeria {||  display: flex;||  flex-wrap: wrap;||  gap: 8px;||  margin: 10px 0;||}||||.izquierda .galeria img {||  width: 100px;||  height: auto;||  object-fit: cover;||  border: 1px solid #fff;||}||||.nombres-comunes ul {||  padding-left: 15px;||  margin: 0;||}||||.ods img {||  height: 50px;||  margin-right: 10px;||  margin-top: 10px;||}||||.bloque {||  background-color: #fff;||  padding: 15px;||  margin-bottom: 15px;||  border-radius: 4px;||  border: 1px solid #999;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia {||  display: inline-block;||  margin-bottom: 10px;||  color: #1a4e89;||  font-weight: bold;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.enlace-taxonomia:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||.link-descripcion {||  color: #1a4e89;||  text-decoration: none;||}||||.link-descripcion:hover {||  text-decoration: underline;||}||||\/* Responsive *\/||@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {||  .contenido {||    flex-direction: column;||  }||  .logo-umh {||    position: static;||    float: right;||    margin-top: -40px;||  }||}||.ficha-planta a{ overflow-wrap:anywhere; }&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#bc2a30&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"ficha-planta\">\n<div class=\"contenido\">\n<div class=\"columna izquierda\">\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<div class=\"encabezado\"><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"galeria\"><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Descripci\u00f3n microgr\u00e1fica: <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"encabezado\">Ge\u00f3fito bulboso de bulbo solitario, rara vez 2-3 agregados, globoso con t\u00fanica blanca o parda.<br \/>Hojas basales lineares, de 5-8 mm de anchura, iguales o m\u00e1s cortas que el escapo. Ligeramente asim\u00e9tricas, de secci\u00f3n c\u00f3ncavo-convexa.<br \/>Escapo unifloro verde, de 20-40 (60) cm de alto, ligeramente aplanado, anguloso, de secci\u00f3n subcircular. Espata [15-25 mm] membranosa.<br \/>Flores hermafroditas [3,5-5 cm], actinomorfas, tr\u00edmeras, ep\u00edginas, solitarias (raramente 2 por escapo), concoloras de color amarillo, patentes o levemente p\u00e9ndulas. Ped\u00fanculo de 6-8 mm y tubo del perianto c\u00f3nico, m\u00e1s corto que la corona.<br \/>Corona subcil\u00edndrica o ligeramente infundibuliforme, algo m\u00e1s larga que los t\u00e9palos, con borde crenado-dentado.<br \/>Lacinias del perianto ancho-lineares [1,5-2,5 x 3-4 mm], reflejas.<br \/>Androceo con 6 estambres iguales y estigma discoideo.<br \/>Fruto tr\u00edgono con numerosas semillas con car\u00fancula. (IEPNB, 2026).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"contenido\">\n<div class=\"columna izquierda\">\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<div class=\"galeria\">\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Indicaciones EMA y ESCOP: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Se comercializa en Espa\u00f1a en c\u00e1psulas duras de liberaci\u00f3n prolongada (AEMPS, 2021; EMA, 2024)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Contraindicaciones: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Con respecto al medicamento comercializado, los datos precl\u00ednicos no muestran riesgos especiales para los seres humanos, seg\u00fan los estudios convencionales de seguridad farmacol\u00f3gica, toxicidad con dosis repetidas, genotoxicidad y potencial carcin\u00f3geno. Los estudios de toxicidad\u00a0 reproductiva revelaron un leve retraso del desarrollo en ratas y conejos con dosis por debajo del umbral de toxicidad en las mujeres embarazadas. (AEMPS, 2021)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bloque\">\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Referencias en el texto:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">AEMPS. 2021. Agencia Espa\u00f1ola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. Ficha t\u00e9cnica REMINYL <a href=\"https:\/\/cima.aemps.es\/cima\/dochtml\/ft\/66650\/FT_66650.html\">https:\/\/cima.aemps.es\/cima\/dochtml\/ft\/66650\/FT_66650.html<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">EMA. 2012. Galantamine Stada \u2013 referral. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/human\/referrals\/galantamine-stada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Galantamine Stada &#8211; referral | European Medicines Agency (EMA)<\/a> (last accesed 24\/01\/2026).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">EMA. 2011. Preguntas y respuestas sobre Galantamina Stada y denominaciones asociadas (galantamina, comprimidos de liberaci\u00f3n prolongada de 8, 16 y 24 mg). EMEA\/H\/A-29\/1268 \/ EMA\/594983\/2010. Resultado de un procedimiento conforme al art\u00edculo 29 de la Directiva 2001\/83\/CE modificada. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/es\/documents\/referral\/questions-and-answers-galantamine-stada-and-associated-names-galantamine-8-16-and-24-mg-prolonged-released-tablets_es.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Galantamin Stada Art 29 Q-and-A Post CD.<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">EMA. 2024. List of nationally authorised medicinal products. EMA\/483497\/2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/psusa\/galantamine-list-nationally-authorised-medicinal-products-psusa-00001512-202403_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">galantamine: List of nationally authorised medicinal products -PSUSA\/00001512\/202403.<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Heinrich M. 2010. Galanthamine from <em>Galanthus<\/em> and other Amaryllidaceae&#8211;chemistry and biology based on traditional use. Alkaloids Chem Biol., 68:157-165. doi: 10.1016\/s1099-4831(10)06804-5.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">IEPNB. 2026. Ficha de taxon: <em>Narcissus<\/em> confusus Pugsley. Inventario Espa\u00f1ol del Patrimonio Natural y de la Biodiversidad. Ministerio para la Transici\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica y el Reto Demogr\u00e1fico. Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a. <a href=\"https:\/\/iepnb.gob.es\/areas-tematicas\/especies-silvestres\/eidos\/34004\/narcissus-confusus-pugsley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/iepnb.gob.es\/areas-tematicas\/especies-silvestres\/eidos\/34004\/narcissus-confusus-pugsley#<\/a> (\u00daltimo acceso: 30\/01\/2026).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Flora Ib\u00e9rica. 2013. Genero <em>Narcissus<\/em>. Flora Ib\u00e9rica. Plantas vasculares de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica e Islas Baleares, Vol XX Liliaceae-Agavaceae. Rico, E, Crespo, MB, Quintanar, A, Herrero, A, Aedo, C (Eds.) Real Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico, CSIC, Madrid, pp. 383-387.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Moreno, JC, Sainz, H. 1992. Atlas corol\u00f3gico de las monocotiled\u00f3neas end\u00e9micas de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica e Islas Baleares. Bases para una pol\u00edtica de conservaci\u00f3n. ICONA. Industrias Gr\u00e1ficas CARO, S.L., Madrid. 354 pp.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">POWO. 2026. Ficha del taxon: <em>Narcissus<\/em> <em>confusus<\/em> Pugsley. Plants of the World Online <a href=\"https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:65976-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:65976-1<\/a> (\u00daltimo acceso: 30\/01\/2026)<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">WFO. 2025. <span lang=\"EN-GB\">Ficha del taxon:<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><i><span lang=\"LA\"><span class=\"il\">Narcissus<\/span><span>\u00a0<\/span>confusus<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"LA\">Pugsley<\/span><span lang=\"LA\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">The World Flora Online<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ES\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldfloraonline.org\/taxon\/wfo-0000703860\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.worldfloraonline.org\/taxon\/wfo-0000703860&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1772799687129000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0txTb_WlBcbBl1ScaWqNhR\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"il\">Narcissus<\/span><span>\u00a0<\/span>confusus Pugsley<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"ES\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ES\">(\u00daltimo acceso: 30\/12\/2025).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.17.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Atlas Virtualde Plantas Medicinales-UMH Narcissus confusus Pugsley. Familia Amaryllidaceae Sinonimia: Narcissus hispanicus subsp. confusus (Pugsley) M.SalmonNarcissus pseudonarcissus subsp. confusus \u00a0(Pugsley) A. Fern.\u00a0Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp. portensis (Pugsley) A. Fern. in Bol Enlace a POWO:Narcissus confusus Pugsley | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science Enlace a WFO:Narcissus confusus Pugsley Nombre com\u00fan: Castellano: Narciso, narciso trompetero, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3158,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1711"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3158"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1711"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1711\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasbotanico.umh.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}